Bibliographic record
Abstract
In Carter v. Canada (Attorney General), Justice Lynn Smith held that the Canadian Criminal Code’s prohibitions on murder and assisting suicide infringe Sections 7 and 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms to the extent that those prohibitions outlaw voluntary, active euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. This article suggests the judgment is defective in at least four key respects: misunderstanding the principle of the inviolability of human life; concluding that laws against assisting suicide discriminate against those physically incapable of committing suicide; evading the logical “slippery slope” argument; and (as the Irish High Court has since concluded in Fleming v. Ireland) misinterpreting the evidence from jurisdictions with relaxed laws.Although the judgment of Justice Smith has been reversed by the British Columbia Court of Appeal, the reversal turned on questions of constitutional law, not on these four criticisms. These criticisms remain important, not least as the case is to be heard by the Supreme Court of Canada.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.050 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.014 | 0.019 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".