Analysis of students' actions during online invention activities - seeing the thinking through the numbers
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Intelligent Tutoring Systems are widely used coached problem-solving environments (Koedinger, Anderson, Hadley & Mark, 1997; VanLehn, Lynch, Schulze, Shapiro & Shelby, 2005). They are successful, in part, due to their ability to give adaptive feedback (Corbett & Anderson, 2001; Koedinger & Aleven, 2007). More specifically, Intelligent Tutoring Systems adapt to students' behavior and knowledge by tracing students' learning trajectories using a cognitive model of the domain (Corbett & Anderson, 1995). A different family of educational technologies supports students during discovery and scientific inquiry tasks (de Jong & van Joolingen, 1998). However, the large solution space in these tasks, among other reasons, make the model tracing approach very hard to design and implement in these environments (van Joolingen, 1999; Veermans, de Jong & van Joolingen, 2000).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it