Fast paleogene motion of the pacific hotspots from revised global plate circuit constraints
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Major improvements in Late Cretaceous-early Tertiary Pacific-Antarctica \nplate reconstructions, and new East-West Antarctica rotations, allow a more \ndefinitive test of the relative motion between hotspots using global plate circuit \nreconstructions with quantitative uncertainties. The hotspot reconstructions, \nusing an updated Pacific-hotspot kinematic model, display significant misfits of \nobserved and reconstructed hotspot tracks in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. \nThe misfits imply motions of 5-80 mm/yr throughout the Cenozoic between the \nAfrican-Indian hotspot group and the Hawaiian hotspot. Previously recognized \nmisfits between reconstructed Pacific plate paleomagnetic poles and those of \nother plates might be accounted for within the age uncertainty of the \npaleomagnetic poles, and non-dipole field contributions. We conclude that the \nderived motion of the Hawaiian hotspot relative to the Indo-Atlantic hotspots \nbetween 61 Ma and present is a robust result. Thus, the Pacific hotspot \nreference frame cannot be considered as fixed relative to the deep mantle. The \nbend in the Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount chain at 43 Ma resulted from a \nspeedup in the absolute motion of the Pacific plate in a westward direction \nduring a period of southward migration of the hotspot. The relationship between \nthe hotspot motion and plate motion at Hawaii suggests two possible scenarios: \nan entrainment of the volcanic sources in the asthenosphere beneath the rapidly \nmoving plate while the hotspot source drifted in a plate-driven counterflow \ndeeper within the mantle, or drift of the hotspot source which was independent \nof the plate motion, but responded to common forces, producing synchronous \nchanges in hotspot and plate motion during the early Tertiary.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".