The Oxford Handbook of International Environmental Law
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This book takes stock of the major developments in international environmental law, while exploring the field's core assumptions and concepts, basic analytical tools, and key challenges. It aims to strike a balance between practical preoccupations and critical or theoretical reflection. Each chapter examines an issue that is central to scholarly debates or policy development. The book consists of forty-seven chapters in seven parts. Part I sets the stage, identifying overarching issues. Part II offers readers a range of theoretical lenses through which to analyse both the problems facing international environmental law and the solutions it may offer. Part III reviews the treatment of basic-issues areas. Part IV analyses the process of normative development in international environmental law. Part V assesses key theoretical concepts. Part VI examines the roles of various actors and institutions, and Part VII analyses issues of implementation and enforcement. Topics range from global environmental governance as administration and its implications for international law, science and technology, international relations theory, ethics and international environmental law, ecosystems and sustainable development, hazardous substances and activities, and international dispute settlement.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.068 | 0.019 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".