Soil Carbon Sequestration and the Greenhouse Effect
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It’s hard to believe that the Greenhouse Effect is a concept that is now more than a century old, but today the observed and predicted climate changes attributed to the anthropogenic increases in atmospheric CO2 more urgently repeat the question, what can be done? The strategy of soil carbon sequestration is gaining importance because of the growing need to offset the rapidly increasing atmospheric concentration of CO2. The term soil carbon sequestration implies that the total C pool in the soil profile can be increased through managerial interventions aimed at transferring atmospheric CO2 to the soil C pool by moderating organic and/or inorganic transformations, either through humification of photosynthetic biomass or formation of secondary carbonates. The transfer of soil C to the atmospheric pool has created a C deficit in world soils, the so-called “C sink.” This C sink capacity can be filled by conversion to a restorative land use (e.g., reforestation, perennial vegetation cover) and adoption of recommended management practices that create positive C and nutrient budgets, as well as favorable soil temperate and moisture regimes. Over and above its potential to offset anthropogenic emissions, soil C sequestration has numerous benefits related to ecosystem services. Important among these are food security, water quality, and biodiversity. This volume is the second edition of SSSA Special Publication 57, first published in 2001. The present edition is an update of the concepts, processes, properties, practices and the supporting data. All chapters are new contributions by both authors of the first edition and new invited authors. The expanded second edition includes 23 chapters, with a substantial new introduction and concluding chapter. New themes addressed are urban soils, minesoils, biochemically recalcitrant compounds, carbonaceous materials, belowground C storage by woody plants, and peat soils. The geographic focus of the book is North America. While a majority of contributions are from the United States, there are important chapters from Canada and Mexico. Thematically, the second edition encompasses data from modeling, lab analyses, plot studies, landscape assessment, and regional evaluation of soil C pools and fluxes. The second edition of Soil Carbon Sequestration and the Greenhouse Effect is essential reading for those interested in advancing our efforts to address global warming by understanding the processes, properties, and practices affecting the soil C pool and its dynamics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".