Accuracy of Self‐Reported Health Care Use in a Population‐Based Sample of Homeless Adults
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy of self-reported ambulatory care visits, emergency department (ED) encounters, and overnight hospitalizations in a population-based sample of homeless adults. DATA SOURCE: Self-report survey data and administrative health care utilization databases. STUDY DESIGN: Self-reported health care use in the past 12 months was compared to administrative encounter records among 1,163 homeless adults recruited in 2004-2005 from shelters and meal programs in Toronto, Ontario. DATA EXTRACTION METHODS: Self-reported health care use was assessed using a structured face-to-face survey. Each participant was linked to administrative databases using a unique personal health number or their first name, last name, sex, and date of birth. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The sensitivity of self-report for ambulatory care visits, ED encounters, and overnight hospitalizations was 89, 80, and 73 percent, respectively; specificity was 37, 83, and 91 percent. The mean difference between self-reported and documented number of encounters in the past 12 months was +1.6 for ambulatory care visits (95 percent CI = 0.4, 2.8), -0.6 for ED encounters (95 percent CI = -0.8, -0.4), and 0.0 for hospitalizations (95 percent CI = 0.0, 0.1). CONCLUSIONS: Adults experiencing homelessness are quite accurate reporters of their use of health care, especially for ED encounters and hospitalizations.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it