A survey of double-talk detection schemes for echo cancellation applications
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
An echo canceller removes undesired echo in fullduplex speech communication.The cancellation is done by modeling the echo path impulse response with an adaptive finite impulse response filter and subtracting the echo estimate from the received signal.A typical diagram of an echo canceller is depicted in Figure 1.The signal x(n) and v(n) represent the far-end and near-end speeches respectively.The signal s(n) and y(n) represent the echo signal generated by the actual echo path h and the echo estimate produced by the adaptive filter.The signal e(n) denotes the residual error signal, which is transmitted to the far-end side and is used to update the coefficient w of the adaptive filter.x(n) Far-end Adaptive -T Echo Filter Path w h Near-end
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it