Reconstruction of missing packets for CELP-based speech coders
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A common aspect of speech transmission through packetised networks is the need to consider the discarded (missing) packets as a result of error detection or network overload. The missing packets and the possible mistracking that results in the speech decoder lead to significant quality degradation. We introduce a packet recovery technique for CELP based speech coders. The proposed technique extrapolates independently the excitation signal and the short-term synthesis filter. A recovery strategy based on speech classification (voiced, unvoiced, transition, silence) is discussed. The extrapolation of the short-term filter uses a least-squares fading memory polynomial filter applied to the reflection coefficients. Objective and subjective quality evaluations of the recovery system applied to the LD-CELP G.728 standard and a variable rate CELP system for random and burst frame erasures are presented. The results indicate that the system is robust up to a frame erasure rate of 10%. Very little degradation in quality was observed at erasure rates up to 3%.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it