Second-Generation Recombinant Hemoglobin Molecules Do Not Stimulate Sphincter of Oddi, Gallbladder, or Duodenal Motility in the Australian Brush-Tailed Possum
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Several studies have investigated the effects of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers on gastrointestinal motility. Diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin reduces sphincter of Oddi trans-sphincteric flow and increases duodenal motility in the Australian brush-tailed possum, effects attributed to nitric oxide (NO) scavenging. Recently, second-generation recombinant hemoglobin molecules with reduced NO scavenging ability have been developed. AIM: To determine the effects of two second-generation recombinant hemoglobin solutions and the prototype recombinant hemoglobin with high NO binding, on duodenal and biliary motility in the Australian brush-tailed possum. METHOD: Blood pressure; duodenal, sphincter of Oddi and gallbladder motility; and trans-sphincteric flow were recorded. The effects of recombinant hemoglobin or human serum albumin (control) solutions on these parameters were investigated. Each solution was infused intravenously at 1 mL/kg/min to deliver 250 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg. RESULTS: Duodenal contraction frequency was stimulated by the high dose of prototype recombinant hemoglobin, but not by a comparable dose of second-generation recombinant hemoglobin. The induced duodenal activity occurred in the later phase of the experimental period. In contrast, biliary motility and trans-sphincteric flow were not altered by any hemoglobin solution. The high dose of all the hemoglobin solutions elevated blood pressure, whereas the low dose solutions did not alter any parameter measured. CONCLUSION: At the doses studied, the second-generation recombinant hemoglobin with reduced NO binding capacity did not significantly alter duodenal and biliary motility, supporting the need for further studies to evaluate their potential usefulness as blood substitutes.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it