Unveiling the invisible learning from unpaid household work: Chinese immigrants' perspective
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper examines unpaid household work and the informal learning involved in it, with the focus on new Chinese immigrants in Canada. The data used in this paper are drawn from two sources: the 2004 Canadian Survey on Work and Lifelong Learning , and in-depth interviews with 20 new Chinese immigrants in Toronto, Canada. The survey section examines data on informal learning through housework and general interest-related activities, with a focus on the comparison of three groups of Canadians: Canadian-born, other immigrants, and Chinese immigrants. The survey data explore how gender, immigration, and ethnicity influence the informal learning involved in performing the unpaid household activities. The interview section explores the impact of cross-cultural immigration on household work among new Chinese immigrants and the knowledge and skills they acquired through such work. Through the analysis of both the quantitative and qualitative data, the author argues that unpaid household work and the learning involved in it are not only gendered, but also classed, and that household work is constantly changing throughout one’s lifetime; thus, informal learning involved in such work is lifelong as well as lifewide. Résumé Cet article se penche sur le travail domestique non rémunéré et l’apprentissage informel qui s’y rattache, plus spécifiquement auprès d’immigrants chinois nouvellement arrivés au Canada. Les données utilisées proviennent de deux sources : un sondage pan-canadien mené en 2004 par le réseau Work and Lifelong Learning (WALL) et des entrevues menées auprès de vingt immigrants chinois, nouvellement établis à Toronto, Canada. La section qui se rapporte au sondage de WALL examine des données relatives à l’apprentissage informel par le travail domestique, et des activités d’intérêt général, auprès de trois groupes différents : canadiens de souche, autres immigrants et immigrants chinois. Les données de WALL s’attardent à la façon dont le sexe, l’immigration et la race influencent l’apprentissage informel impliqué dans le travail domestique non rémunéré. La section qui se rapporte aux entrevues mesure l’impact de l’immigration interculturelle sur le travail domestique chez les nouveaux immigrants chinois; elle fait aussi état des connaissances et compétences acquises par l’entremise de ce travail. À travers l’analyse de données qualitatives et quantitatives, l’auteur argumente que le travail domestique non rémunéré et l’apprentissage informel qui s’y rattache ne sont non seulement liés au sexe, mais aussi à la classe sociale, et que le travail domestique est en constant changement tout au long de la vie. Par conséquent l’apprentissage informel qui s’y rattache se prolonge tout au long et dans toutes les facettes de la vie.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.016 | 0.015 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".