A Comparative Study of Heat Transfer Coefficients for Film Condensation
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Film condensation heat transfer has wide applications in a variety of industrial systems. A number of film condensation heat transfer correlations (FCHTCs) have been proposed. However, their predictions are often inconsistent. This paper presents a comparative study of existing FCHTCs. Totally 1214 experimental data points are obtained from 10 published papers, and 14 FCHTCs are reviewed, among which four correlations are used for horizontal flow outside smooth tubes, three for flow on vertical surfaces of plates or tubes, two for flow inside smooth tubes either vertically or horizontally, and five for horizontal flow inside smooth tubes. 13 FCHTCs are compared with the experimental data. There are three FCHTCs for horizontal flow inside smooth tubes having a mean absolute relative deviation (MARD) less than 26%, among which the best one has an MARD of 22.2%. More efforts should be made to develop better correlations. Key words: Correlation; Heat transfer; Film; Condensation
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it