Bibliographic record
Abstract
The climax of Canada's Second World War conscription crisis came in November 1944, when Prime Minister W.L.M. King ordered 16,000 home defence conscripts overseas. Canada seemed about to replay the First World War's crisis of French versus English. However, the first large demonstrations against conscription came, not in Quebec, but in British Columbia; not from French Canadians, but from English-speaking home defence troops stationed at Vernon. Press reports of the large scale of that demonstration sparked half a dozen further home defence soldiers' demonstrations across British Columbia. One of these, at Terrace, became an outright mutiny. Within hours of the Vernon demonstration, British Columbia's Pacific Command sought to contradict the press claim that nearly 1,000 men had marched through the city's streets shouting anti-conscription slogans. As well as issuing its own version to the press, military command held an immediate inquiry into the Vernon march and the press story that it sought to refute. By contrast, in Terrace, the high command uncritically passed on to its superiors the most exaggerated rumours of an armed mutiny. The explanation for the difference between the senior officers' actions probably lay in their perceptions of the troops' ethnic origins and these troops' earlier behaviour while stationed at Vernon in the spring of 1944. The home defence soldiers at Terrace were assumed to be French Canadians or Central Europeans. Resistance there confirmed the officers' prejudices concerning who was and who was not loyal. At Vernon the troops were seen as and, therefore, loyal only awaiting a political decision to send them overseas. English Canada itselfas Quebec journalist and nationalist politician, Andre Laurendeau, had insisted was deeply divided over the issue of conscription.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.016 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.025 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".