Canadian Federalism and the Principle of Subsidiarity: Should We Open Pandora's Box?
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Over the last 10 years, the Supreme Court of Canada has referred explicitly to the principle of subsidiarity even though it is not found in the federation’s formal constitutional structure. Two examples are found in the 2010 decisions COPA and Reference re Assisted Human Reproduction Act. As a result, this paper focuses on the role currently played by the principle of subsidiarity in Canadian federalism. More specifically, it identifies the actual and potential effects of this principle on the balance of power between the federal and provincial governments. The first part briefly examines the close ties existing, at the the oretical level, between the principles of subsidiarity and federalism. The second part considers the place given to the principle of subsidiarity in Canadian constitutional law, first as a notion underlying the adoption of a federal form of government, and the n as a legal principle for regulating the exercise of powers. The paper demonstrates that the cooperative view of federalism adopted by the Supreme Court has generated a large number of de facto overlapping powers, creating fertile ground for the discreet, but increasingly apparent, emergence of a constitutional principle of subsidiarity in Canada.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it