Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article provides an historical account of the construction of the St. Clair tunnel that connected the U.S. with its northern neighbor Canada under the St. Clair River in eastern Michigan in 1890. This first subaqueous tunnel to be built in North America was necessitated by the political difficulties of bridge-building at the time, as bridges were to allow for boats with even the tallest masts to travel safely below. As Grand Trunk Railway wished to cross the river, the company contracted the Canadian engineer Joseph Hobson for the 8,000 foot long tunnel. Hobson, who found there to be both shale and blue clay underneath the river, decided to tunnel through the clay, which he thought to be the more stable of the two. The tunnel was excavated from both sides using a steel shell that was pushed along as progress was made. Hobson also made use of air pressurization in the tunnel at a time when such technology was little-used.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it