Elevated Serum β-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in Nonpregnant Conditions
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Positive serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) in reproductive-age women generally indicates a pregnancy, and to a lesser extent, gestational trophoblastic disease, ovarian or peripheral germ cell tumor. Besides gynecologic conditions, nongynecologic cancers can be associated with beta-hCG positivity as well. The hormone in these tumors varies from detection by the immunohistochemistry studies of the tumor tissue only to a high serum level. This is illustrated by our case report of a 26-year-old woman who was diagnosed with a spindle cell osteosarcoma of the shoulder. The serum beta-hCG became undetectable after chemotherapy. TARGET AUDIENCE: Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians Learning OBJECTIVES: After completion of this article, the reader should be able to recall that elevated serum hCG can be related to pregnancy, gestational neoplasias, and ovarian and nongynecologic tumors and explain that it is important to appreciate that the hCG detected in these conditions may differ in type and be a marker of the success of treatment.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.020 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it