Influence of Fiber-Reinforced Polymers on Pile–Soil Interface Strength in Clays
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A series of direct shear tests were carried out in order to characterize the pile–soil interface strength for various pile materials including steel, concrete, and grout and to investigate the influence of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials on the pile–soil interface strength in soft clay. The study investigated both pile–soil interface friction and interface adhesion by simulating drained and undrained conditions. The results among the traditional pile materials indicated the superior performance of grout and concrete relative to steel. FRP interfaces were shown to perform at a level the same as or higher than that of traditional steel piling under both drained and undrained conditions in clays. The FRP–clay interface friction angles were 5 % to 19 % greater than those in traditional steel–clay interfaces and 12 % to 23 % smaller than that of concrete. In addition, FRP interface adhesion was observed at between 86 % and 135 % of the interface adhesion of steel and between 65 % and 75 % of the interface adhesion of concrete.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it