The Profitable Arc Tour Problem: Solution with a Branch-and-Price Algorithm
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this article, we introduce a new arc routing problem that we call the profitable arc tour problem. This problem is defined on a graph in which profits and travel costs are associated with the arcs. The objective is to find a set of cycles in the graph that maximizes the collection of profit minus travel costs, subject to constraints limiting the number of times that profit is available on arcs and the maximal length of cycles. The problem is related both to constrained flow problems and to vehicle-routing problems. We tackle it from this standpoint and propose a branch-and-price algorithm for its solution. In the column-generation phase, the issue of the collection decisions while traveling through the arcs is addressed. In the branching phase, the fact that viewing solutions in terms of flow variables regularly induces an integer flow matrix leads us to introduce a branching method called the flow-splitting method. Finally, the relationships of this problem with constrained flow optimization are taken into account in an initial phase of the algorithm.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it