The Queen’s Jews: Religion, Race, and Change in Twentieth-Century Canada
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Admission practices of medical schools have long intrigued scholars. Restrictions on Jews and other minorities are known to have existed, but few studies explore these policies. Using statistics from one university, this paper addresses that gap, providing a methodological example for future exploration of educational discrimination. Queen’s University Archives holds the registration cards of all medical students admitted over 150 years. Until the class of 1980, students were required to state “religious denomination.” Information on 4,173 medical registrants was entered into a computerized database. Interviews with alumni brought findings into the present. Results were correlated with policies described in the Minutes of the Faculty and the University Senate and Board of Trustees. The study reveals at least three definite periods of restricted entry for blacks, Jews, women, and others that persisted into the 1990s. Results are situated within the dramatic conflicts and social change across the twentieth-century.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it