Rheology and Stability of Non-Aqueous Micro Bubble Based Drilling Fluids
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The micro bubble (colloidal gas aphron) based drilling fluids have the unique pore blocking ability which helps reducing the drilling fluid invasion into the reservoir. The effects of time, temperature and pressure on the size and stability of the microbubbles need to be better understood in order to design a fluid that will have minimum filtration loss into high permeability zones. A non-aqueous micro bubble based drilling fluid was formulated by using mineral oil (light paraffin oil composed mainly of alkanes and cyclic paraffins) as a base fluid, an oil soluble polymer (Styrene Ethylene/ Propylene Linear copolymer) and a non-ionic oil-soluble surfactant (Sorbitan Fatty Acid Ester). The effect of polymer and surfactant concentration on the aphronized drilling fluid characteristics was studied earlier to formulate an optimum drilling fluid composition. In this study, effects of temperature and pressure on the rheology, filtration loss characteristics, and the stability of non- aqueous micro bubble based drilling fluids were investigated. PVT analysis was also conducted to develop an equation of state for non-aqueous micro bubble based drilling fluids.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".