Radiocarbon and luminescence dating of overbank deposits in outwash sediments of the Last Glacial Maximum in North Westland, New Zealand
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In the Grey River valley, North Westland, New Zealand, extensive terraces of outwash sediments assigned to the Otira glaciation form outstanding geomorphologic features. Four layers of organic sediments subdivide stratified outwash gravels of the major terrace. The age of the fine‐grained sediments is constrained by 55 radiocarbon ( 14 C) ages and 8 optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages. The calibrated radiocarbon ages cover the age range between 21 350 and 23 890 cal yr BP. The ages for each different layer are consistent and are in stratigraphic order with mean ages of 22 350 cal yr BP (layer A), 22 470 cal yr BP (layer B), 22 930 cal yr BP (layer C), and 22 960 cal yr BP (layer D). OSL dating of the silty overbank deposits alternating with the organic beds imply a deposition at 21 700 ± 2600 yr. The use of different organic compounds for radiocarbon dating (separated organic residues, humic acids, terrestrial seeds) and the consistency with the luminescence dating support the reliability of the results. We use the informal name Raupo complex for the overbank deposits and consider it to reflect a moderate climate oscillation between two glacial advances during Oxygen Isotope Stage 2.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".