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Record W1994402203 · doi:10.1109/mm.2013.70

Automating Stressmark Generation for Testing Processor Voltage Fluctuations

2013· article· en· W1994402203 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueIEEE Micro · 2013
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicLow-power high-performance VLSI design
Canadian institutionsAdvanced Micro Devices (Canada)
FundersNational Air and Space Museum
KeywordsComputer scienceMulti-core processorx86VoltageMicroprocessorEmbedded systemResilience (materials science)Power (physics)Synchronization (alternating current)Operating systemElectrical engineeringSoftwareTelecommunications

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Rapid current changes (large di/dt) can lead to significant power supply voltage droops and timing errors in modern microprocessors. To test a processor's resilience to such errors and determine appropriate operating conditions, engineers generally create manual di/dt stressmarks that have large current variations at close to the power distribution network's resonance frequency to induce large voltage droops. This process is time-consuming and might need to be repeated several times to generate appropriate stressmarks for different system conditions (for example, different frequencies or di/dt throttling mechanisms). Furthermore, generating efficient di/dt stressmarks for multicore processors is difficult because of their complexity and synchronization issues. In this article, the authors measure and analyze di/dt issues on state-of-the-art multicore x86 systems. They present an automated di/dt stressmark generation framework called Audit to generate di/dt stressmarks quickly and effectively for multicore systems.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.595
Threshold uncertainty score0.668

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.025
GPT teacher head0.223
Teacher spread0.198 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it