Social Support and Corruption: Structural Determinants of Corruption in the World
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Corruption is a growing global epidemic. Our understanding of its causes is limited. Combining data from several sources, the current article tests the validity of social support theory in explaining corruption in an integrated structural model. The findings support our theoretical speculation: our social support measure is a strong predictor of corruption in the model. In addition, undemocratic governments with inadequate checks and balances indirectly contribute to the high level of corruption in a nation. Democracy promotes human development and bolsters social support for citizens' wellbeing, both of which reduce the level of corruption in a nation. Inequality fosters corruption indirectly through reduced human development and reduced social support. We conclude that criminologists need not await the determinations of international legal systems to study scathing behavior, such as corruption.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it