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The Initiation of the Microglial Response

2000· review· en· W2004318097 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueBrain Pathology · 2000
Typereview
Languageen
FieldNeuroscience
TopicNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Saskatchewan
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMicrogliaCortical spreading depressionDepolarizationIschemiaImmune systemIn vitroCalciumMacrophageCell biologyNeuroscienceBiologyChemistryPathologyMedicineImmunologyInflammationBiophysicsInternal medicineBiochemistry

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The initial response of microglia to ischemia and ischemia-like conditions was analyzed in situ and in vitro. After sublethal ischemia in situ, microglia appear activated morphologically, but do not express macrophage-like antigens. In contrast, neuronal damage induces full expression of immunomolecules in microglia. Additionally, blood-borne cells readily infiltrate the region of the ischemic core and constitute another source of cells with macrophage-like expression. Thus, it appears that the microglia are the earliest cells to respond to injury, but their response is graded and complicated by the presence of blood-borne immune cells. In vitro ischemia-like conditions caused an irreversible depolarization, ion channel shutdown, and blebbing, indicating that microglia are not equipped to withstand an ischemic insult. Application of ATP alone to microglia produced outward currents and calcium transients and these calcium transients increased when ATP was applied in combination with high potassium. It is known that both outward currents and calcium transients are induced during spreading depression, a feature of focal injury, and this suggests that spreading depression might be one of the initial activators of microglia.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.003
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.958
Threshold uncertainty score0.479

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.003
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.070
GPT teacher head0.331
Teacher spread0.261 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it