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Record W2007625919 · doi:10.1145/1368506.1368520

Passive network forensics

2008· article· en· W2007625919 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review · 2008
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicNetwork Security and Intrusion Detection
Canadian institutionsDalhousie University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsNetFlowComputer scienceVariety (cybernetics)Identification (biology)Host (biology)TRACE (psycholinguistics)Digital forensicsComputer securityNetwork forensicsData miningData scienceArtificial intelligence

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Passive monitoring of the data entering and leaving an enterprise network can support a number of forensic objectives. We have developed analysis techniques for NetFlow data that use behavioural identification and can confirm individual host roles and behaviours expressed as connection patterns. By looking at the way a given machine interacts with others, it is often possible to determine the role of the machine based solely on the network data. Host behaviours as characterized by NetFlow data are not stationary. Evolutionary changes occur as the result of new applications, computational and communications paradigms. Compromised machines often undergo changes in behaviour that range from subtle to dramatic. We use behavioural changes to identify role shifts and to trace the malicious or unintentional propagation of that change to other machines. Observed behavioural characteristics from over a year of traffic captures containing ordinary behaviours as well as a variety of compromises of interest are presented as examples for the forensics practitioner or researcher.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.626
Threshold uncertainty score0.701

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.031
GPT teacher head0.256
Teacher spread0.226 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it