Nanoplasmonics in near-field optics and active coupling
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Surface plasmons enable the transmission of optical information in confined geometries, inaccessible for diffraction-limited far-field light, while having high signal bandwidth and propagation speed like conventional optics. These advantages have resulted in novel applications for surface plasmons, such as offset-apertured near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) probes. A subwavelength aperture couples surface plasmons that illuminate the tip apex of an adjacent metal-coated tip, which results in a single-lobed probing optical spot having a full-width half maximum (FWHM) similar to the apex diameter. Since the surface plasmons converge at the apex, an offset-apertured probe promises stronger localized electric fields than an apertured NSOM having comparable FWHM. Additionally, the subwavelength aperture does not permit the passage of far-field light, reducing the background signal in comparison to apertureless NSOM probes. For other applications, the ability to selectively switch a waveguide "on" or "off" is desired. Optical-optical switching for selective surface plasmon coupling would ideally permit high-speed switching on a small scale. Two nodes are presented as means to perform switching of four planar thin surface plasmon waveguides by interfering TEM<sub>10</sub>, TEM<sub>01</sub>, and TEM<sub>00</sub> light beams normally-incident upon a node. One node uses a flat-apexed pyramidal reflector to reflect the incident light toward the waveguides' ends. An alternative node is a simple square aperture, which couples surface plasmons through light diffraction at the aperture's edges. Individually turned-off waveguides are shown to have their coupled power attenuated by at least -10 dB.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it