Effect of Electromagnetic Forces on the Orbital Dynamics of Tethered Satellites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tethered satellites have a vast potential for space applications. If the tether is conductive, electrodynamic forces result from the motion of the conductive tether relative to the magnetic field of the Earth. The long-term effect of electrodynamic forces on the equinoctial orbital elements of a tethered system is studied with use of a detailed model of the Earth’s magnetic field as well as of the tether dynamics. A detailed gravity and aerodynamic model is used. In all cases studied, bare tethers induce larger electrodynamic forces than insulated tether systems. The results show that Lorentz forces can remove a satellite from orbit more effectively than air drag if a conductive tether is attached to it. A simple control law is used to stabilize tether librations caused by electrodynamic forces. Such an approach for junk removal is practical if the satellite mass is greater than 100 kg or so.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".