Brain Inflammation Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Approximately 15% of cerebral strokes in adults are due to bleeding into the brain (intracerebral hemorrhage, ICH). This can be related to hypertension, vascular anomalies, or coagulopathy. Prognosis following ICH is worse than that following ischemic stroke. In addition, head trauma and premature birth are associated with ICH. Inflammation occurs after ICH and might be an important part of the pathogenesis of brain damage. The goal of this review is to bring together recent diverse data concerning inflammation after ICH. There has been little investigation of the role of inflammation following ICH despite the fact that inflammation is more severe than in ischemic stroke. Inflammation in the brain follows a temporal sequence similar to that in other organs. Some cytokines and inflammatory cells may possess dual roles both deleterious and beneficial to brain after ICH. At present, experimental data only weakly support pursuit of pharmacologic anti-inflammatory strategies following ICH. Keywords: inflammation, cytokines, adhesion molecules, leukocytes, ich, brain trauma, animal models, anti-inflammation
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".