Is There a Way to Predict Stress Urinary Incontinence After Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate?
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: In this study we defined high risk patients at high risk of stress urinary incontinence after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis during a 10-year period of 949 consecutive patients treated with holmium laser enucleation of the prostate by a single surgeon. Patients were divided into group 1--those without postoperative stress urinary incontinence (902) and group 2--those with stress urinary incontinence (47). All preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative clinical variables were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: Patient age, preoperative and postoperative prostate specific antigen, preoperative medications, preoperative acute retention and duration of postoperative catheter time were not associated with postoperative stress urinary incontinence. The presence of diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with a higher incidence of stress urinary incontinence (p <0.001). Using medians of the whole cohort, prostate volume greater than 81 gm, operative time greater than 96 minutes and reduction in prostate specific antigen greater than 84% were significantly associated with stress urinary incontinence. On multivariate analysis prostate volume greater than 81 gm, the presence of diabetes mellitus and greater than 84% reduction in prostate specific antigen remained statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate results in stress urinary incontinence at a rate comparable to that of other surgical techniques for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The presence of diabetes mellitus, large prostate volume and a greater reduction in postoperative prostate specific antigen remained statistically significant for the development of stress urinary incontinence. Patients with diabetes, especially those with a large prostate, should be encouraged to start Kegel exercises in the immediate postoperative period.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it