Adhesion of Wax Droplets to Porous Polymer Surfaces
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An experimental study was done to measure the force of adhesion of molten wax droplets, 3.1 mm in diameter, dropped from heights ranging from 20 to 50 mm onto porous polyethylene and Teflon surfaces. The Teflon surface had 0.25-mm holes drilled in it and the three polyethylene surfaces had random pores with mean diameters of 35, 70, and 125 μm, respectively. The force required to remove the solidified ink from the surface was measured using a pull test. Wax splats were attached to the substrate by both adhesive and cohesive forces. The cohesive force was calculated by multiplying the ultimate tensile strength of the wax (2.2 MPa) by the cross-sectional area of the wax penetrating into surface pores. The adhesive force was obtained by multiplying the contact area between the wax and substrate by the adhesion strength per unit area, estimated to be 0.2 MPa for polyethylene and 0.1 MPa for Teflon surfaces. The contact area between splats and the substrate was typically about 60–70% of the splat area. The edges of splats lifted up, preventing complete contact.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it