Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article illustrates how media representations of Suzuki Ichiro, a professional baseball player, have reproduced discourses of nationhood in Japan and the US, demonstrating how nationalism and globalization may articulate in sport. Some 365 articles that mentioned Ichiro, published in the Seattle Times (151), Mainichi Daily Newspaper (77), and Sports Nippon (137) were analyzed. These articles describe Ichiro’s inaugural season (2001-02) as the first Japanese position player in Major League Baseball. Transnationalism provides an important framework for understanding the specific space between the nation and the ‘other.’ In this instance, this space spans the US and Japan, US and Japanese baseball, and even US and Japanese media. Although Ichiro’s move from Japanese baseball to Major League Baseball is evidence of the globalization of sport, Ichiro is also a vehicle through which US and Japanese nationalism can be celebrated. The framework of transnationalism permits an understanding of the interplay between US and Japanese nation-building discourses, as well as providing a specific political and historical context.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".