Hierarchical Structure of Dysfunctional Beliefs in Obsessive‐Compulsive Disorder
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire was developed as a comprehensive measure of dysfunctional beliefs, which cognitive models consider to be etiologically related to obsessive-compulsive disorder. Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire subscales tend to be highly correlated, which raises the question of whether obsessive-compulsive-related beliefs are hierarchically structured, consisting of lower-order factors loading on 1 or more higher-order factors. To investigate the nature and relative importance of these factors, a hierarchical factor analysis was conducted (n = 202 obsessive-compulsive disorder patients), using a Schmid-Leiman transformation. Results indicated a higher-order (general factor) and 3 lower-order factors: (i) responsibility and overestimation of threat, (ii) perfectionism and intolerance of uncertainty and (iii) importance and control of thoughts. The high-order factor accounted for more variance in Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire scores (22%) than did the lower-order factors (6-7%), thereby underscoring the importance of the higher-order factor. Despite the importance of the higher-order factor, the lower-order factors significantly predicted unique variance in measures of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, including severity ratings of compulsions. These finding suggest that cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder should take into consideration the hierarchic structure of obsessive-compulsive-related beliefs.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it