A tale of two temples: Mathurā's Keśavadeva and Orcchā's Caturbhujadeva
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This essay focuses on the last grand temple on the site now known as Krishna Janmabhūmi in Mathurā, which was built by the Orcchā ruler Vīr Singh Dev in the early seventeenth century and destroyed by Aurangzeb about half a century later. I study the motives behind the construction of this temple in conjunction with those behind the Caturbhuja temple, completed by Vīr Singh in his hometown, Orcchā, and destroyed by Shāh Jahān only three decades after its building. As does other recent research, this essay confirms that the common-place interpretation of such events of temple building and destruction as expressions of Hindu or Muslim religious sentiment needs to be problematized. This investigation of the factors that led to the building reveals a multiplicy of discourses. By using not only Persian but also Hindi and Sanskrit sources, the essay shows the complexity of motives beyond the religious rhetorics of some historiographers. It offers complementary explanations of such temple construction as a statement of dharmic kingship justifying irregularities of succession and of upward social mobility within the Mughal imperial formation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".