Factors influencing susceptibility of host nests to brood parasitism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We investigated susceptibility of Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) nests to discovery by nest-searching Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) at Delta Marsh, Manitoba. We assessed the importance of nest habitat and microhabitat as well as host activity in influencing the likelihood of parasitism by measuring vegetation and behaviour of hosts at nests that were (1) not parasitized, (2) parasitized once and (3) parasitized more than once, by the same female or by more than one female (i.e. multiple parasitism). None of the variables measured was significantly related to parasitism, but non-significant trends consistent in both years of the study suggested that concealment and host conspicuousness play important roles, but quantifying them is difficult and complex. A significant relationship between nest mass and the probability of parasitism further supports this suggestion, because nest mass should reflect nest-building activity as a whole.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".