Potential Accuracy of Traffic Signs' Positions Extracted From Google Street View
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work demonstrates the potential use of Google Street View (GSV) in engineering measurements. An investigation was conducted to assess the geopositioning accuracy of traffic signs extracted from GSV. A direct linear transformation (DLT) model is used to establish the relationship between the GSV image coordinate system and the ground coordinate system with the aid of ground control points (GCPs). The ground coordinates of the traffic sign can be retrieved by using the solved DLT coefficients. It is found that the root-mean-square (RMS) error of the extracted traffic sign's location is less than 1 m in general. By increasing the number of GSV images and GCPs, the RMS error can be further reduced to 0.5 m or less. This preliminary study demonstrates a viable solution to extract the location of traffic signs from GSV.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it