Modulation of renal Ca <sup>2+</sup> transport protein genes by dietary Ca <sup>2+</sup> and 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D <sub>3</sub> in 25hydroxyvitamin D <sub>3</sub> ‐1α‐hydroxylase knockout mice
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pseudovitamin D‐deficiency rickets (PDDR) is an autosomal disease characterized by hyperparathyroidism, rickets, and undetectable levels of 1,25‐dihydroxyvitaminD 3 (1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ). Mice in which the 25hydroxyvitamin D 3 ‐1α‐hydroxylase (1α‐OHase) gene was inactivated presented the same clinical phenotype as patients with PDDR and were used to study renal expression of the epithelial Ca 2+ channel (ECaC1), the calbindins, Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger (NCX1), and Ca 2 + ‐ATPase (PMCA1b). Serum Ca 2+ (1.20±0.05 mM) and mRNA/ protein expression of ECaC1 (41±3%), calbindin‐D 28K (31±2%), calbindin‐D 9K (58±7%), NCX1 (10±2%), PMCA1b (96±4%) were decreased in 1α‐OHase −/− mice compared with 1α‐OHase +/‐ littermates. Feeding these miceaCa 2+ ‐enriched diet normalized serum Ca 2+ levels and expression of Ca 2+ proteins except for calbindin‐D 9K expression. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 repletion resulted in increased expression of Ca 2+ transport proteins and normalization of serum Ca 2+ levels. Localization of Ca 2+ transport proteins was clearly polarized in which ECaC1 was localized along the apical membrane, calbindin‐D 28K in the cytoplasm, and calbindin‐D 9K along the apical and basolateral membranes, resulting in a comprehensive mechanism facilitating renal transcellular Ca 2+ transport. This study demonstrated that high dietary Ca 2+ intake is an important regulator of the renal Ca 2+ transport proteins in 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ‐deficient status and thus contributes to the normalization of blood Ca 2+ levels.—Hoenderop, J. G. J., Dardenne, O., van Abel, M., van der Kemp, A. W. C. M., van Os, C. H., St.—Arnaud, R., Bindels, R. J. M. Modulation of renal Ca 2+ transport protein genes by dietary Ca 2+ and 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D 3 in 25 hydroxyvitamin D 3 ‐1α‐hydroxylase knockout mice. FASEB J. 16, 1398–1406 (2002)
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it