On the failure of pseudo-nullity of Iwasawa modules
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Consider the family of CM-fields which are pro- <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> -adic Lie extensions of number fields of dimension at least two, which contain the cyclotomic <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="bold upper Z Subscript p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="bold">Z</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathbf {Z}_p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> -extension, and which are ramified at only finitely many primes. We show that the Galois groups of the maximal unramified abelian pro- <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> extensions of these fields are not always pseudo-null as Iwasawa modules for the Iwasawa algebras of the given <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> -adic Lie groups. The proof uses Kida’s formula for the growth of <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="lamda"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi> λ </mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\lambda</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> -invariants in cyclotomic <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="bold upper Z Subscript p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="bold">Z</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\mathbf Z}_p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> -extensions of CM-fields. In fact, we give a new proof of Kida’s formula which includes a slight weakening of the usual <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="mu equals 0"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi> μ </mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mu = 0</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> assumption. This proof uses certain exact sequences involving Iwasawa modules in procyclic extensions. These sequences are derived in an appendix by the second author.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it