Broadband and compact multi-pole microstrip bandpass filters using ground plane aperture technique
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A gound plane aperture technique is developed for effective enhancement of the capacitive coupling factor in the parallel-coupled microstrip line (PCML). By applying a so-called ‘short-open calibration’ (SOC) scheme in the fullwave method of moments (MoM) algorithm, this PCML with two external lines is characterised by an equivalent J-inverter network with its susceptance and two electrical line lengths. Extracted parameters indicate that the coupling factor appears to be frequency-dependent and its maximum value rises rapidly as the aperture is widened. With the introduction of a single microstrip line section between two identical PCMLs, a broadband and compact multi-pole microstrip bandpass filter is proposed for the first time, and its electrical behaviour is studied and optimised on the basis of its equivalent circuit network. The network-based optimised results are confirmed by an EM simulation of the entire filter layout, featuring ultra-broadband and four-pole bandpass behaviour. Further, a single capacitively loaded line section is utilised to formulate a multi-pole bandpass filter, and its electrical effects are also discussed for filter design. The predicted and measured results confirm attractive properties of the proposed multi-pole filter with BW=60%. ∣S11∣<−16dB and 220% wide upper stop-band.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".