Energy expressions for Kohn–Sham potentials and their relation to the Slater–Janak theorem
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Direct approximation of exchange-correlation potentials is a promising approach to accurate prediction of molecular response properties. However, little is known about ways of obtaining total energies from model potentials other than by using the Levy-Perdew virial relation. We introduce and explore several alternative formulas which arise as line integrals of potentials taken along density scaling and aufbau-filling paths, and which are not limited to the exchange term. The relaxed-orbital variant of the aufbau-path energy expression is shown to be closely related to the Slater-Janak theorem. Although the Levy-Perdew relation generally yields reasonable energies for all model exchange potentials, the relaxed-orbital aufbau path gives better results for those potentials that predict accurate highest-occupied orbital eigenvalues, such as the potential of Räsänen, Pittalis, and Proetto [J. Chem. Phys. 132, 044112 (2010)]. The ideas presented in this work may guide the development of new types of density-functional approximations for exchange and correlation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".