The Role of Surface Hydrogen Atoms in the Electrochemical Reduction of Pyridine and CO<sub>2</sub> in Aqueous Electrolyte
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The present study aims to get more insight into the role of pyridinium ions, surface H atoms and the nature of the electrode surface for the electrochemical reduction of CO2. The electrochemical activity of pyridinium ions in the absence and presence of CO2 is investigated on Ir, Pt, Au and glassy carbon electrodes. Glassy carbon and Au electrodes show irreversible reduction of pyridinium characterized by a cathodic peak potential. In the further presence of CO2, an increase of the current is noticed and the overall reduction process remains irreversible. In contrast, cyclic voltammograms recorded on an Ir electrode in a pyridine solution under nitrogen and CO2 are quasi‐reversible and consistent with the participation of H atoms adsorbed onto the electrode surface. Cyclic voltammograms for Ir and Pt electrodes are similar, as expected for metals with a strong affinity for hydrogen. Our results suggest that adsorbed H atoms may play a key role in the electrochemical reduction of CO2.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".