Voluntary Labor, Responsible Citizenship, and International NGOs
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article focuses on the relationship between volunteer labor and responsible citizenship in an international NGO context. Situated within critical assessments of the voluntary sector, the article examines how voluntary labor is increasingly shaped and steered by the initiatives of advanced liberalism. Under advanced liberalism, diverse tasks of government are redirected from state bureaucracy and distributed to various organizations, agencies, individuals, and citizen groups. Within this context, it explores some key social transformations that have led to an increasing reliance on voluntary labor in both government and international NGOs. It emphasizes that a range of authorities establish the contemporary voluntary sector as a site for providing answers and solutions to social and economic problems that are now determined to lie outside the reach of the formal domain of the state. Through the use of substantive international examples on voluntary labor in the international development NGO sector, the authors argue that this sector is increasingly implicated in assembling volunteers as ‘responsible citizens' in the delivery of public services. This responsibilization process produces new effects and plans of actions that are different from the way traditional liberal approaches viewed volunteers and volunteerism. The work calls attention to contemporary concerns underscoring voluntary labor and international NGOs, and raises broader questions pertaining to issues of social justice.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it