The Influence of the Cations in Anti-Icing Brines on the Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel in Synthetic Concrete Pore Solution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Concentrated salt solutions are currently being used as antiicing and deicing agents on the roads and highways in Ontario, Canada. The four commonly-used brines are predominantly CaCl2, NaCl, MgCl2, or a multi-chloride (CaCl2/NaCl) mix. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if the different cation(s) of the brine have an influence on the chloride threshold concentration for corrosion initiation of reinforcing steel and on the subsequent active corrosion rates. The tests were carried out in synthetic pore solution in order to allow for control of the chloride content and observation of any corrosion. The results show that the MgCl2 results in a significant drop in pH of the solution and a corresponding high level of corrosion, while the NaCl solution has the lowest chloride threshold value and most anodic corrosion potential.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".