Crack and the Political Economy of Social Suffering
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A comparison of cocaine, crack and heroin epidemics documented through participant-observation methods in the United States and Canada reveals dramatically distinct patterns of abuse across differentially vulnerable population groups. Political economic and cultural forces, rather than pharmacology shape the trajectory of drug epidemics. The de facto apartheid of the U.S. inner city and its associated prison industrial complex spawned the massive epidemic of crack smoking in the late 1980s and early 1990s. A contradictory Canadian public policy of police repression combined with centralized, paternalistic social services explains that country's particularly destructive intravenous cocaine epidemic, particularly among its aboriginal and francophone urbanized populations. The United States suffers from the iatrogenic consequences of its failed war on drugs. Heroin and cocaine have never been purer or cheaper despite the massive investment of U.S. public resources in repression at great humanitarian cost.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it