A Monte Carlo study of photoelectron extraction efficiency from CsI photocathodes into Xe–CH<sub>4</sub> and Ne–CH<sub>4</sub> mixtures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The extraction efficiency f for the photoelectrons emitted from a CsI photocathode into gaseous Xe–CH4 and Ne–CH4 mixtures is investigated by Monte Carlo simulation. The results are compared with earlier calculations in Ar–CH4 mixtures and in the pure gases Xe, Ar, Ne and CH4. The calculations examine the dependence of f on the density-reduced electric field E/N in the 0.1–40 Td range, on the incident photon energy E ph in the 6.8–9.8 eV (183–127 nm) VUV range and on the mixture composition. Results calculated for irradiation of the photocathode with a Hg(Ar) lamp are compared with experimental measurements for this lamp. To test the electron scattering cross-sections used in the simulations, electron drift parameters in Xe, Ne and their mixtures with CH4 are also presented and compared with available experimental data.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".