Sensitivity of spatial photoelectron distributions to the absolute phase of an ultrashort intense laser pulse
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using numerical solutions of the three-dimensional time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation (TDSE) for the hydrogen atom in an intense, ultrashort, i.e., few-cycle, linearly polarized laser pulse, we demonstrate that ionization yields measured in the forward direction $(0<\ensuremath{\theta}<15\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{})$ depend strongly (by a factor of 2) on the carrier phase, leading to considerable directional (forward or backward) photoelectron asymmetries along the laser polarization vector. This effect vanishes for pulses comprising more than 15 cycles. The phase dependence of photoelectron asymmetry is intensity-dependent: the strongest asymmetry is found in the intermediate multiphoton-tunneling regime, where asymmetry originates from the Coulomb attraction after tunneling. The character of asymmetry drastically changes when an electron ionizes in the barrier-suppression regime. A measurement method of the absolute phase and width, based on this directional effect, is proposed for linearly polarized ultrashort laser pulses pulses.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".