Government Effectiveness, the Global Financial Crisis, and Multinational Enterprise Internationalization
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examines the influence of national institutions on multinational enterprise entry mode behavior during economic downturns. Drawing on institutional and transaction cost theories, the authors propose (1) alternative hypotheses for the effect of host-country government effectiveness (a spatial institution) and (2) hypotheses for a direct and an indirect effect of a global financial crisis (a temporal event affecting all countries) on firms’ internationalization strategy. With a sample comprising 624 foreign expansion investments conducted by Dutch multinational enterprises between 2004 and 2009 into 66 countries, this investigation confirms that majority control more likely occurs when host-country government effectiveness is high or when the investment is made during a global financial crisis. The authors also find support for a hypothesized moderating effect of a global financial crisis. Concluding remarks discuss the implications of these findings for scholars and practitioners.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it