Self-Reported Symptoms of Cold Intolerance in Workers with Injuries of the Hand
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cold intolerance is a well-recognized complication of crushing injuries and amputations in the hand. These symptoms are usually thought to resolve within 2 years of injury. The objectives of our study were to determine the prevalence and course over time of self-reported symptoms of cold intolerance in workers with hand injuries. Files from a large worker's compensation carrier were randomly selected from index years 2, 4, 6, and 10 after a claim was made. Cohorts comprising cases with diagnostic codes corresponding to traumatic hand injuries and codes referring to non-trauma diagnoses in the hand were assembled for each of the years under consideration. A questionnaire was mailed to a total of 7,088 asking questions related to the symptom of cold intolerance. Twenty-five percent of the surveys were returned. Over 90% of trauma patients from all 4 years reported symptoms of cold intolerance. The rate of cold intolerance in the non-trauma group was between 59% and 69%. Individuals reporting cold intolerance indicated worsening over time in 50% of cases and improvement in only 9%. The severity of injury did not appear to be a factor in the development of cold intolerance. Symptoms of cold intolerance are highly prevalent in workers with significant hand injuries. Workers with non-trauma hand conditions also report a substantial prevalence of this symptom. The development of cold intolerance is not related to injury severity. The symptoms remain either static or deteriorate slightly over time. Improvement is experienced by less than 10% of patients.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".