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Record W2092849848 · doi:10.1109/mcs.2013.2279477

Magnetic Navigation Control of Microagents in the Vascular Network: Challenges and Strategies for Endovascular Magnetic Navigation Control of Microscale Drug Delivery Carriers

2013· article· en· W2092849848 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueIEEE Control Systems · 2013
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicMicro and Nano Robotics
Canadian institutionsUniversité de MontréalPolytechnique Montréal
Fundersnot available
KeywordsVascular networkDrug deliveryMedicineSystemic circulationBiomedical engineeringNanotechnologyInternal medicineMaterials scienceAnatomy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Although navigation control has been applied in a multitude of environments, relatively little is known about the challenges and issues of navigation control in the vascular network. In an adult human, the vascular network consists of nearly 100,000 km of blood vessels, with diameters ranging from a few millimeters in the artery to just a few micrometers in the capillaries, and blood flow rates ranging from a few tens of centimeters per second to a few millimeters per second. Although vascular networks present great challenges, due to various environmental conditions, they are of special interest in medical microrobotics since they allow navigable agents to be delivered anywhere within the body. Controlled endovascular navigation would allow targeted surgical, diagnostic, and therapeutic interventions. In cancer therapy, for instance, although many of the most deadly cancers are initially located in a single region, modern therapies such as chemotherapy continue to inject excessive amounts of toxic agents thecirculate systematically throughout the vascular network. In general, only a tiny fraction of the drug reaches the treatment region [1]. Even the level of targeting achieved by agents with special coatings to enhance tumor cell specificity is far from optimal when they are injected systematically in the vascular network. Since the therapeutics do not discriminate between cancerous and healthy cells, systemic circulation of these agents must be avoided to eliminate, or at least minimize, secondary toxicity that affects healthy organs.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.788
Threshold uncertainty score0.956

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.008
GPT teacher head0.203
Teacher spread0.195 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it