Preliminary Evidence for the Dedifferentiation of RAW 264.7 Cells into Mesenchymal Progenitor-Like Cells by a Purine Analog
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dedifferentiation of cells to multipotential cells is of interest since they have a potential regenerative capacity. Our purpose was to de- and redifferentiate murine RAW 264.7 cells, a committed macrophage cell line of hematopoietic origin, into mesenchymal-like cells such as osteoblasts. RAW 264.7 cells in culture were treated with 5 μM reversine, a purine analog that was shown to dedifferentiate myoblasts in osteoblasts. Treatment with reversine resulted in a significant increase in the expression of the STRO-1 antigen, a marker of mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells: from 0.6%±0.5% cells in untreated RAW cells to 19.0%±8.6% in treated cells, but there was no increase in the expression of SH-2 (CD105), an earlier marker of mesenchymal stem cells. The effects of reversine were significantly curtailed by 67% when cultures were pretreated with the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway blocker SP600125. These STRO-1+ cells retained a multipotential status and were capable of redifferentiating into cells with osteogenic and lipogenic characteristics under inductive conditions. We showed that STRO-1+ cells in an osteogenic medium significantly increased expression of the osteoblast marker osteocalcin, and formed mineralized nodules. When seeded on a demineralized scaffold of human bone in vitro, these cells deposited a calcium matrix. Under adipogenic conditions, expression of the adipocyte marker peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 on STRO-1+ cells was elevated, and cultures stained positive with Oil red O. Our results demonstrated that treating a committed hematopoietic cell line with a purine analog can alter cell development and result in cellular reverse transformation into stage-limited multipotential cells. These cells could subsequently be redifferentiated into cells with characteristics of the mesenchymal lineage, such as those of an osteoblast and/or adipocyte, under inductive conditions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".