The profile of the systemic inflammatory response in children undergoing ventricular assist device support
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) has been used as a systemic inflammatory response (SIR) marker in the critical ill, including children after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Ventricular assist devices (VAD) have been increasingly used as a bridge support to heart transplantation in children. We aimed to examine the profiles of CRP in children receiving VAD support. METHODS: Charts of 13 children receiving Berlin Heart EXCOR(®) from 2005 to 2009 were reviewed. The data obtained prior to and during VAD support included: CRP, white blood cells, inotropes and steroid use, VAD mode and duration of VAD support. Ten patients received left VAD (LVAD) and 3 biventricular VAD (BiVAD). RESULTS: The median duration of VAD support was 59 days (ranged 3-678 days). Pre-VAD CRP was 35 ± 51 mg/l and increased to 109 ± 59 mg/l on days 1-3 after the VAD implantation (P = 0.01), then gradually decreased to 28 ± 28 mg/l by 4 months and normalized by 5 months (P < 0.0001). CRP was higher in BiVAD than in LVAD patients throughout the study period (P = 0.003). CRP positively correlated with the doses of the epinephrine and norepinephrine and the monocyte counts, and negatively correlated with the lymphocyte count. The lymphocyte count was 2.5 ± 0.4 x 10(9)/l prior to implantation, and decreased to 2.1 ± 1.3 x 10(9)/l on days 1-3 (P = 0.5) and then to 0.6 ± 0.1 x 10(9)/l by 6 months (P = 0.08). It tended to be lower in BiVAD patients (P = 0.06). CONCLUSIONS: SIR exists in children prior to VAD support. VAD implantation is associated with a significant and prolonged increase in CRP and a decrease in lymphocyte count, indicating a suppressed immune function, being more pronounced in BiVAD patients.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".