N <sub>2</sub> O emissions from an irrigated and non‐irrigated organic soil in eastern Canada as influenced by N fertilizer addition
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Drainage and cultivation of organic soils often result in large nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions. The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of nitrogen (N) fertilizer on N 2 O emissions from a cultivated organic soil located south of Montréal, QC, Canada, drained in 1930 and used since then for vegetable production. Fluxes of N 2 O were measured weekly from May 2004 to November 2005 when snow cover was absent in irrigated and non‐irrigated plots receiving 0, 100 or 150 kg N ha −1 as NH 4 NO 3 . Soil mineral N content, gas concentrations, temperature, water table height and water content were also measured to help explain variations in N 2 O emissions. Annual emissions during the experiment were large, ranging from 3.6 to 40.2 kg N 2 O‐N ha −1 year −1 . The N 2 O emissions were decreased by N fertilizer addition in the non‐irrigated site but not in the irrigated site. The absence of a positive influence of soil mineral N content on N 2 O emissions was probably in part because up to 571 kg N ha −1 were mineralized during the snow‐free season. Emissions of N 2 O were positively correlated to soil CO 2 emissions and to variables associated with the extent of soil aeration such as soil oxygen concentration, precipitation and soil water table height, thereby indicating that soil moisture/aeration and carbon bioavailability were the main controls of N 2 O emission. The large N 2 O emissions observed in this study indicate that drained cultivated organic soils in eastern Canada have a potential for N 2 O‐N losses similar to, or greater than, organic soils located in northern Europe.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it